With the early mainframe computers and the foundations of cybernetics and information theory formulated in the late 1940s by Norbert Wiener and Claude Shannon, a new technical worldview emerged, one in which information, control, and communication became the model for an ever-changing reality. For art, this was of fundamental importance: even before the computer was available as a generally accessible tool, a new understanding of the image had begun to take shape, defined by signal, circuit, transmission, and algorithmic order.